Reversibility and irreversibility in stochastic chemical kinetics
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Reversibility and irreversibility
1. The thermodynamic description, which includes the principle that the entropy S of a thermally isolated system never decreases with time : if t1 < t2 then S(t1) ≤ S(t2) (1) 2. Macroscopic descriptions, such as the heat equation ∂e/∂t = K∇T (2) 3. Descriptions by kinetic equations such as Boltzmann’s equation ∂f/∂t+ v · ∇xf = I(f) (3) where I(f) is an integral expression representing the effec...
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First a general definition of reversibility is given which is in accordance with the mechanical concept of reversibility. This definition is applied to thermostatics. It is shown that the smooth curves in the space of equilibrium parameters can be approximated arbitrarily by irreversible or by almost reversible real processes. The work done during an almost reversible process is given by a Pfaf...
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where k is the rate constant. The stochastic approach to chemical kinetics is concerned with modeling chemical reactions in situations where the assumptions underlying equations of this type break down. In order to illustrate this, suppose that the reaction above is occuring in a drop of water of volume V , which contains only a very small number, say 3, of molecules of I. The kinetic equation ...
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The discussion on time-reversal in quantum mechanics exists at least since Wigner’s paper [17] in 1932. If and how the dynamics of the quantum world is time-reversible has been the subject of many controversies. Some have seen quantum mechanics as fundamentally time-irreversible, see for example von Neumann [16, p. 358], and some have seen in that the ultimate cause of time’s arrow and second l...
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Stochastic chemical kinetics describes the time evolution of a well-stirred chemically reacting system in a way that takes into account the fact that molecules come in whole numbers and exhibit some degree of randomness in their dynamical behavior. Researchers are increasingly using this approach to chemical kinetics in the analysis of cellular systems in biology, where the small molecular popu...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Russian Mathematical Surveys
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0036-0279,1468-4829
DOI: 10.1070/rm2008v063n01abeh004500